PARTS USED
Dried, whole, unripe fruit
NATIVE REGIONS
India, Indonesia, Malaysia, China, Madagascar, Sumatra
PREPARATIONS
Essential Oil
Piper nigrum
COMMON NAMES
Black pepper
Piperaceae
FAMILY
Primary Constituents
Monoterpene
Delta-3-carene
Limonene
Myrcene
Pinene
Sabinene
Sesquiterpene
Beta-caryophyllene
Therapeutic Actions
analgesic | antibacterial | antifungal | anti-inflammatory |
antimicrobial | antioxidant | antiseptic | antismoking |
antispasmodic | antiviral | aperitive | aphrodisiac |
bitter | carminativw | diaphoretic | digestant |
diuretic | febrifuge | laxative | neuroprotective |
orexigenic | rubefacient | stimulant | stomachic |
tonic | vasodilator |
Common Uses
Emotional support (exhaustion, concentration, fatigue)
Arthritis
Infections (UTI, viral)
Digestive support (constipation, flatulence, appetite, food poisoning)
Circulation
Hangover/headaches
Muscle support (sprains, stiffness, muscle degeneration)
Arthritis
Contraindications & Safety
Oxidized essential oil may cause skin irritation
Not for use on babies or children
Lack of safety information during pregnancy and breastfeeding
Do not confuse with Piper longum (different safety profile)
Hydrosol of Piper nigrum is contraindicated for kidney disease
For educational purposes only. These statements have not been evaluated by the FDA and are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent disease.